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By the end of the course, you will be able to:

1. Understand the fundamental principles and technical considerations of three‑dimensional echocardiographic imaging, including dataset acquisition, stitching, and image optimization in dogs and cats.
2. Accurately acquire high‑quality 3D transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic datasets, applying appropriate techniques for chambers, valves, and outflow tracts.
3. Perform quantitative 3D analysis of cardiac structures such as ventricular and atrial volumes, valvular morphology, and functional assessment, using workstation-based software tools.
4. Interpret 3D echocardiographic findings in a clinical context to improve diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic planning, and disease monitoring in small‑animal cardiology patients.
5. Apply 3D echocardiography to interventional cardiology scenarios, including mitral valve assessment, congenital defect evaluation, and intra‑procedural guidance using 3D-TEE.